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integrated circuit systems, inc. ICS2002 wavedec ? ? digital audio codec ICS2002revf093094 features digital audio 8/16-bit record/playback fully programmable sample rates including industry standards: - 44.1 khz - 22.050 khz - 11.025 khz - 8.00 khz - 5.513 khz dac output oversampled to simplify external filtering. four data formats: - 16 bit linear - 8 bit linear - 8 bit u-law - 8 bit a-law 16 step analog output level control, -1.5db/step 8-bit log scale digital volume control oversampling adc with input filter. programmable iir filters for input anti-aliasing and output reconstruction. isa bus interface 8/16-bit dma and i/o transfer modes input/output fifo buffer power-down mode 44-pin plcc package block diagram description the ICS2002 is a mixed-signal integrated circuit providing a low-cost recording and playback solution for multimedia audio applications. these applications include document annotation, voice mail, interactive games, multimedia sound record/play- back, and windows ? ? sound production. the ICS2002 sup- ports the record and playback of 16-bit audio data, and provides a 8/16-bit parallel interface to the industry standard pc bus. wavedec is a trademark of integrated circuit systems, inc.
pin descriptions pin type description sd15 - sd0 i/o data bus sa1 - sa0 i address cs i chip select (active low) iow i write strobe (active low) ior i read strobe (active low) sbhe i system high byte enable (active low) iocs16 oc indicates that the access register can support 16 bit transfer. drqp o dma request (play channel) drqr o dma request (record channel) dackp i dma acknowledge (play channel) dackr i dma acknowledge (record channel) tc i dma terminal count irq o interrupt request (active high, open drain) reset i reset (active high) xtli i crystal oscillator xtlo o crystal oscillator pwrdn i power-down (active low) audioin ai audio buffer input adcin ao audio buffer output/input to adc dacout ao dac audio output bufin ai uncommitted audio buffer input bufout ao uncommitted audio buffer output vdd p digital +5v supply vdda p analog +5v supply vddp p digital +5v supply vss p digital gnd vssa p analog gnd vssp p digital gnd ICS2002 2
package pinout 44-pin tqfp 44-pin plcc ICS2002 3
absolute maximum ratings supply voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5v to 7.0v logic inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5v to v dd + 0.5v ambient operating temperature. . . . . . . . . . 0 c to 70 c storage temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65 c to 150 c stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability. electrical characteristics v dd = 5.0v 10%; gnd = 0v; t a = 0 c to + 70 c dc/static parameter symbol min typ max units digital inputs input low voltage v il -0.3 0.8 v input high voltage v ih 2.0 v dd + 0.3 v input leakage current i li 1 m a input capacitance c in 7pf digital outputs output low voltage (i ol = 4.0ma) v ol 0.4 v output high voltage (i oh = 0.4ma) v oh 2.4 v tristate current i oz 10 m a output capacitance 10 pf bi-directional capacitance 10 pf analog inputs audio input voltage 0.7 vrms audio input impedance 500k ohm buffer input impedance 500k ohm audio outputs audio output voltage 0.7 vrms dacout, bufout output impedance 1k ohm digital supply current i cc1 1ma analog supply current i dd2 35 ma power-down mode 1 ma play only mode 15 ma record mode 30 ma ICS2002 4
electrical characteristics v dd = 5.0v 10%; gnd =0v; t a = 0 c to +70 c ac/dynamic parameter symbol min typ max units address setup to command t as 10 ns address hold from command t ah 10 ns command cycle time t ccy 100 ns address valid to /iocs16 delay t aid 50 ns iocs16 hold from address invalid t ih 0ns data valid to /iow t ds 50 ns /ior active to valid data t dac 60 ns data hold after /ior t dhr 0ns data hold after /iow t dhw 10 ns /dack setup to /ior t dar 30 ns /dack setup to /iow t daw 50 ns /dack hold from command t dah 50 ns /cs setup to command t cs 10 ns /cs hold from command t ch 10 ns tc setup to command inactive t ts 25 ns tc hold from command t th 0ns ICS2002 5
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digital audio playback to play digital audio files, the chip is programmed for the desired sample rate, data type, dma channel width, and output volume. for dma mode playback, drq generation is programmable for servicing the fifo at several levels. this allows optimal performance with a variety of hosts. when tc is received, the chip will optionally generate an interrupt to the host to indicate the need to service the dma controller. for i/o mode playback, data is written to the fifo until it is full. this is determined by polling the dir bit of the status register. once the fifo is full, an interrupt will be generated optionally at one of several selectable points: 1/4, 1/2, or 3/4 full. the host can then burst a predetermined amount of data to the fifo and wait for the next interrupt. digital audio recording: audio recording operates in a dma or i/o mode similarly to audio playback with the audio input programmable as a line or microphone level input. simultaneous record and playback is supported and permits the recorded file to be synchronized to an existing file. the new and existing file can then be mixed digitally for high quality results. data processing: to simplify the external circuitry associated with the analog input and output signals of the chip, input and output sample rates are oversampled. this allows simple rc filters to be used. for playback, the output data is oversampled, interpolated, filtered and scaled. since the dsp is fully programmable, various sample rates and filter shapes can be implemented. the processed data is then output to the dac. the dac output passes through an analog volume control (4 bits, 1.5db steps) before being passed to the analog filter stage. for recording, the input data is first filtered, removing most of the frequency content above the nyquist frequency. the result- ing data stream is then undersampled to the desired sample rate and fed into the fifo for transfer to the host. power management: the pwrdn input can be programmed to act as an immediate hardware power control, or as an interrupt source for a software driven power management routine. the software driven option allows the driver to cleanly shut down to chip, thus preventing unwanted noise. when active, the power-down function dis- ables all analog components including the oscillator, and causes the chip to enter a low power mode. miscellaneous functions: the chip has a full complement of status and control functions. all significant functions are capable of generating interrupts and/or being polled. the dma can be run in single or demand mode (for bursts of data in programmed sizes). the fifo has programmable interrupt and dma request ca- pacities, and also indicates when overflow or underflow condi- tions occur. the processor interface is designed for simple connection to the isa bus. for best noise performance, isolating the data lines from the isa bus is recommended. in general, feed through of digital noise is reduced by minimizing the load which the digital outputs are driving. ICS2002 8
76543210 clear play irq clear record irq reserved power-down mode irq fifo overflow/underflow irq sample rate irq fifo ready irq (same as pin) status (base + 0 read) 76543210 clear play irq clear rec irq reserved clear pdm irq clear fou irq clear sr irq reserved reserved irq reset (base + 0 write) this register provides the driver software easy access to the interrupt source when read. note that bit 7 indicates the state of the irq pin, and hence will be zero when the mie bit is zero (see interrupt enable register). a write to the register is performed to clear interrupts. writing a one to a given bit will cause the associated interrupt to be cleared. to release the clear interrupt bit and allow further interrupts to occur, a zero must be written back to the bit of interest (some bits have alternate methods of clearing described later). this feature ensures that if the interrupt condition still exists, an edge will be generated on the irq pin, thus ensuring recognition on platforms that are edge sensitive. this also allows for a return from interrupt instruction to be executed on the platform while the irq line is inactive. bit 6 is a special case. there is no irq associated with this bit. it is located here for use in sound source emulation mode, and represents the busy status of a sound source. when the status is read and tested with 40h, a zero result indicates that the play fifo is full. 76543210 register address (ra) (base + 1) 76543210 data low byte/word (dlw) 76543210 data high byte (dh) (base + 3) note that this register can only be read in stand alone mode. hence, indirect access to this register has been provided at ra=83h for use in companion mode. direct register descriptions the base address is determined externally by an address de- coder which selects the chip via the cs input. this register is the indirect pointer to direct data transfers to and from the data registers. it is a read/write register. note that this register can only be read if the chip is in stand alone mode. these two addresses are used to accomplish all internal register reading and writing. most internal registers are 8-bit or less. these are accessed by first writing the appropriate value to the dw, then writing (reading) the data byte to (from) dlw. i/o mode fifo data (ra=0bh), algorithm ram, and coeffi- cient ram are always treated as 16-bit entities, and can be transferred in two ways: - a single operation to/from dlw with sbhe = 0 - two successive operations, low byte to/from dlw with sbhe = 1, then high byte to/from dh. ICS2002 9
indirect register map indirect address register 4e companion select register (write only) 80 chip control 81 interrupt enables 82 reserved 83 interrupt status 84 sample rate low 8 bits 85 sample rate high 4 bits 86 sample rate control/status 87 reserved 88 play dma control 89 play dma burst count 8a play dma mode 8b dma io mode data port 8c fifo enable/status 8d fifo irq mode 8e reserved 8f reserved 90 power enable/status 91 power mode 92 reserved 93 reserved 94 dsp control/status 95 dsp ram address latch 96 code ram data port (8/16-bit) 97 data ram data port (8/16-bit) 98 record dma control 99 record dma burst count 9a record dma mode 9b reserved indirect address register 9c record fifo enable/status 9d record fifo irq mode 9e reserved 9f reserved a0 digital master volume a1 dac deglitcher control a2 reserved a3 reserved a4 adc control a5 analog volume/mute a6 adc timing control a7 reserved ICS2002 10
indirect register definitions all writeable bits/registers are also readable. in addition, there are some read only bits/registers, which are noted where appro- priate. reserved bits should be written to zero, and read back zeros. reserved registers should not be written or read. except where noted, registers should be accessed as 8 bit registers via address base+2. general purpose registers ir4e register access mode select this register must be written to 01h for any other indirect (or direct) accesses to occur, except for ra writes, which always occur based on chip select. this indirect address allows multiple companion chips to share resources in a system (such as bus buffers, address decodes, interrupts, and dma channels). this register is cleared only by hardware reset, and in unaffected by mcr (see below). ir80 chip control bits 7:3 - reserved bit 2 - sound source emulation mode (ssmode) this bit sets the chip to operate in sound source emu- lation mode. in sound source emulation mode, the two address pins (sa1, sa0) are mapped to match the pc parallel port as used by the sound source as follows: chip address sound source ic2002 0datadh 1 status status 2 control dl 3 unused ra to use this mode, the chip must be configured before the sound source compatible application is run (i/o mode dma, dsp loaded and running, sr running, etc.). then, the ic2002 is put in ssmode and ra (now at address 3) is written to 8bh. in the pc, the bios pointer to the parallel port is changed to the base address of the ic2002 chip, and the application can then be started. this bit is reset by mcr. hence, it must be set after mcr is set, on a second write to this register. bit 1 - chip stand alone mode this bit sets the chip to operate in stand alone mode. in stand alone mode, the status and ra registers are accessible at base+0 and base+1. this mode should be used to speed register access when the ICS2002 is being used by itself, without other ics chips sharing resources (such as address decodes, inter- rupts, dma channels, bus buffers, etc.). when bit 1 is zero, the ICS2002 will operate in com- panion mode. in this mode, the status register is mapped only to indirect address 83h. this is done to avoid conflict with other ics chips that will provide status and ra read back at the first two base ad- dresses. in addition, stand alone mode configures the drqp, drqr, and irq pins to operate as outputs, with both one and zero levels being actively driven. when in companion mode, these pins have a strong source for the high state and a weak sink for the low state to allow wire-and connections to other ics chips. this bit is reset by hardware reset only, not by mcr. bit 0 - master chip reset (mcr) 0 - hold chip in reset 1 - remove reset this bit is cleared to zero by a hardware reset. thus, any functions reset by mcr are also reset by the reset pin. ICS2002 11
ir81 interrupt enables bit 7 - master interrupt enable (mie) in the zero state, this bit prevents the irq pin from going active (high) regardless of the state of any of the individual interrupt sources. it is cleared to zero by mcr. a zero in this bit does not prevent an individual interrupt source from being active in the status reg- ister. this allows interrupts to be masked while allow- ing their status to be polled. bit 6 - reserved bit 5 - sample rate interrupt enable (srie) bit 4 - fifo overflow/underflow interrupt enable (fouie) bit 3 - power-down mode change interrupt enable (pmcie) bit 2 - reserved bit 1 - record fifo interrupt enable (rfie) bit 0 - play fifo interrupt enable (pfie) each of these bits individually enables, one, or disables, zero, their respective interrupt sources from being ac- tive in the status register. in addition, there will be no irq generated if mie is one when an individual enable bit is zero. the state of this bit does not affect the source of these interrupts in any way, and they may be polled for activity in the appropriate register for each interrupt type. these bits are all cleared to zero by mcr. ir83 status this register is the same as the direct access status register, except that it can be read in companion mode. sample rate generator registers ir84 sample rate low 8 bits (srl) bits 7:0 - sample rate bits 7:0 ir85 sample rate high 4 bits (srh) bits 3:0 - sample rate bits 11:8 together, these two registers define the record and playback sample rate. based on the crystal frequency fxtal, and a 12 bit value sr (the concatenation of the two registers), the sample rate will be: sample rate = fxtal * sr / 524288 these registers are not initialized by any of the reset mechanisms. note that the sample rate counter should always be stopped via srcs bit 0 when these two registers are changed. ir86 sample rate control/status (srcs) bits 7:2 - reserved bit 1 - sample rate interrupt (srirq) - read only this is set by the hardware whenever the sample rate counter overflows, indicating that a new sample is being input or generated. this bit is cleared by any of the following actions: - master chip reset - sample rate run = 0 (srr bit 0) - a write to status with bit 5 = 1 - any write to srcs bit 0 - sample rate run (srr) this bit resets the sample rate counter, the srirq bit, and shuts down the sampling and playback pro-cesses when written to a zero. when written to a one, the sample rate generator runs at the programmed rate. srr is internally synchronized to the master clock to provide clean starts and stops of the counter. mcr clears this bit. ICS2002 12
play dma control and status registers ir88 play dma control (dmactl) bits 7 - reserved bit 6 - tc reset mask when set to 1, this bit masks the dma run bit reset upon receipt of tc, terminal count, signal from the isa bus. when reset to 0, the dma run bit will be reset upon receipt of tc. bits 5:1 - reserved bit 0 - dma run this bit enables the dma hardware to begin transfer- ring data when set to one. it is cleared by either mcr or receipt of a tc when tc reset mask is a zero (see the dmamode register for details). ir89 play dma burst count (dmabc) bits 7:6 - reserved bits 5:0 - dma burst count this value determines the number of dma transfers that take place for each dma request issued to the host. the actual number of transfers will be dmabc+1. thus, for single transfer mode, program this register to zero. the burst counter is automatically preset to the burst count whenever the dackp input is high. thus, there is no need to reprogram the count value after tc, since the next transfer will use the full programmed count value. this register has no affect on i/o mode data transfers, since its only influence is over the drqp output. this register is not initialized by any means other than a direct write, and hence must be written to before dma is enabled. ir8a play dma mode (dmamode) all bits in this register are cleared by mcr. bits 7:6 - reserved bit 5 - terminal count interrupt (tcirq) - (read only) this bit indicates that a terminal count has been re- ceived on the last dma operation. if the pfie and playirq bits have been programmed to a one, an interrupt will be generated at the end of the last dma operation. this bit is cleared by mcr or a write to status with bit 0 = one. the reset state is then removed by either writing the status bit 0 to zero. bit 4 - i/o mode transfer (ioxfer) when this bit is a one, the dma hardware (drqp and tcirq) is disabled. data transfers take place via ir8bh, and are required to be treated as 16-bit transfers. thus, data should be written to dlw (with sbhe = low, 16-bit data) or to dlw (with sbhe = high, 8-bit data low byte) followed by dh (8-bit data, high byte). it is also the programmers responsibility to ensure that dmamode bit 2 (dma16) is set to a one for all i/o mode transfers. bit 3 - unsigned data (usign) when set to a one, this bit expects to receive (and will generate) unsigned data. the native data format is signed binary twos complement. this bit will invert the most significant bit of each data byte (or word, depending on the state of datatype). note that this bit should be zero when the datatype indicates u-law or a- law data formats. bit 2 - 16 bit data (dma16) when set to a one, this bit causes the hardware to expect data to be sent in 16-bit words. when low, the hardware expects 8-bit bytes. this bit must be set to one when performing i/o mode transfers, as all i/o transfers are treated as 16 bit values. bit 1:0 - data type (datatype) these bits direct the hardware how to interpret the outgoing data. this is independent of the dma or i/o data width. it effects how data is signed and how data is packed to and unpacked from the play fifo. the datatype field selects the format of data for playback. value data type 00 8-bit linear 01 16-bit linear 10 8-bit m 256 law 11 8-bit a-law ir8b dma i/o mode data port (dmadata) (8/16-bit) this register address is used to trap i/o mode data to and from the fifos. it is only used in i/o mode. see the description of the ioxfer bits for more details. when dma16 is one, this register must be accessed as a sixteen bit value. note that this can be done from either an eight or sixteen bit isa slot, since the chip used sbhe to determine the proper byte swapping. ICS2002 13
fifo control/status registers ir8c fifo enable/status (fes) bit 0 - fifo enable (fe) this bit holds the fifo in a reset state when low, and enables the fifo to operate when high. this bit is reset by mcr. this bit, when low, also resets all fifo related conditions (see the following bits) and prevents dma start requests from being issued. it does not reset the fifo irq mode register. bit 1 - fifo overflow (read only) this bit is set when a fifo shift in command is gener- ated (by either dma, i/o, or the dsp) with the fifo full, and indicates an error condition. this bit will cause the fouirq bit to go active, generating an irq if enabled. this bit is reset by writing to status with bit 4 = 1, and re-enabled by writing to status with bit 4 = 0. fe low also resets this bit. bit 2 - fifo underflow (read only) this bit is set when a fifo shift out command is generated (by either dma, i/o, or the dsp) with the fifo empty, and indicates an error condition. this bit will cause the fouirq bit to go active, generating an irq if enabled. this bit is reset by writing to status with bit 4 = 1, and re-enabled by writing to status with bit 4 = 0. fe low also resets this bit. bit 3 - fifo 25% full (read only) this bit goes high after 4 words (or 8 bytes) have been loaded into the fifo, and low again when 13 words (or 26 bytes) may be loaded into the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. bit 4 - fifo 50% full (read only) this bit goes high after 8 words (or 16 bytes) have been loaded into the fifo, and low again when 9 words (or 18 bytes) may be loaded into the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. bit 5 - fifo 75% full (read only) this bit goes high after 12 words (or 24 bytes) have been loaded into the fifo, and low again when 5 words (or 10 bytes) may be loaded into the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. bit 6 - fifo dir (read only) this bit goes high when a single word (or two bytes) may be written to the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. note that this bit resets to a one because when the fifo is reset it is forced to be empty, and hence is ready to accept data. bit 7 - fifo dor (read only) this bit goes high when a single word (or two bytes) may be read from the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. ir8d fifo irq mode this register must never be written to when the fifo is enabled. invalid interrupts and dma requests could be generated as a result. bits 7:4 - reserved bit 3 - fifo irq enable (fie) this bit enables the various fifo capacity thresholds to generate interrupts (as playirq) when one. when zero, this bit prevents fifo capacity irq generation when operating in dma mode, which only needs tcirq. bits 2:0 - fifo ready irq mode selection this field defines fifo utilization for both dma and i/o mode data transfers. in i/o mode, it is used to generate interrupts (frdyirq) when the fifo capac- ity reaches a predefined point. for dma transfers, it signals the dma logic to request a transfer at those same predefined points. by programming the dma burst count appropriately, the fifo may be easily kept near the desired capacity. the following table describes the selections available: bits 2:0 irq/drq source notes 000 dir ready to take 1 word from host 001 empty 75% ready to take 13 words from host 010 empty 50% ready to take 9 words from host 011 empty 25% ready to take 5 words from host 100 dor ready to provide 1 word to dsp 101 full 25% ready to provide 4 words to dsp 110 full 50% ready to provide 8 words to dsp 111 full 75% ready to provide 12 words to dsp note that for byte transfers (dma16=0), the numbers listed above should be doubled. this must be programmed before the fifo is enabled. it may be changed while the fifo is enabled, if necessary. this register is cleared by mcr, but not by fe low. ICS2002 14
ir8e reserved ir8f play fifo output data read back (8/16 bit) this register is provided for test use only, although it may find system level use as a diagnostic tool. power control and status ir90 power enable/status (pest) bit 7 - pwrirq (read only) this bit is a one when either edge has occurred on the pwrdn pin, and the edge enable in the power mode register is set. if bit 3 of the mie is one, this will also generate an external interrupt. in any case, this bit is also visible as status register bit 3. pwrirq is reset by disabling both edge enable bits or resetting the edge interrupts (see below). bits 6:5 - reserved bit 4 - adcpwr disable this bit controls the power state of the adc analog circuitry. when 0, adc analog power is controlled by the softpwr bit the same as the dac analog power is. when this bit is set to a 1, the adc analog power is turned off independent of the state of softpwr. this feature is included for advanced power manage- ment routines, as chip power dissipation can be reduced by almost half by turning adc power off when not in use. note, however, that several milliseconds of settling time is required after power is turned on before the adc functions properly. bit 3 - pwrdn pin value (read only) this bit indicates the state of the pwrdn pin. bit 2 - fallirq (read only) this bit is set when the pwrdn pin makes a transition from high to low. if pwrmode bit 2 (fallie) is one, this will cause pwrirq to go high as well. this bit is reset by one of the following: - mcr - any write to pest - a write to status with bit 3 set to one. this will hold the bit reset until released by a write to status with bit 3 cleared to zero. note that fallie does not mask this bit, allowing polling to be performed. bit 1 - riseirq (read only) this bit is set when the pwrdn pin makes a transition from low to high. if pwrmode bit 1 (riseie) is one, this will cause pwrirq to go high as well. this bit is reset by one of the following: - mcr - any write to pest - a write to status with bit 3 set to one. this will hold the bit reset until released by a write to status with bit 3 cleared to zero. note that riseie does not mask this bit, allowing polling to be performed. bit 0 - soft power (softpwr) the function of this bit depends on the status of the swmode bit (bit 0 of pwrmode). when swmode is zero, writes to this bit have no affect. reads will return the state of the pwrdn* pin, which is also the state of the on chip pwron control signal. when swmode is a one, a write of one to this bit turns on power to the chip analog circuitry, while a zero clears this bit and puts the chip in a low power mode. reads will return the last value written. ir91 power mode (pwrmode) all bits in this register are cleared by mcr. bits 7:3 - reserved bit 2 - fall irq enable (fallie) when set to one, this bit allows a falling edge on pwrdn to cause pwrirq to go high. it does not mask pest bit 2. bit 1 - rise irq enable (riseie) when set to one, this bit allows a rising edge on pwrdn to cause pwrirq to go high. it does not mask pest bit 1. bit 0 - software mode (swmode) when cleared to zero, this bit causes the chip to operate in a hardware driven mode; that is, the pwrdn pin directly controls the chip analog power (for low power consumption). in this mode, a low on pwrdn puts the chip in low power mode, while a high enables normal operation. when set to a one, this bit causes the chip to operate in a software driven mode. in this mode, changes on the pwrdn pin only generate interrupts. the hardware low power mode is then controlled (via software) by softpwr (bit 0 of pest). this function allows clean software controlled turn on and off of the analog circuitry power. ICS2002 15
ir92 reserved ir93 reserved ir94 dsp control/status (dspcs) bits 7:4 - index counter value (read only) this value indicates the current contents of the dsp address index counter, and is provided as a code debug aid for use in step mode. in normal operation it should be ignored. it is reset to zero when the dsp is not running, and increments by one at the completion of each pass of the dsp engine. bit 3 - dsp sequence complete (read only) this bit is set each time the dsp completes its sequence and restarts. it is reset to zero when the dsprun bit is zero or after a read of this register. bit 2 - dsp output saturation detect this bit is set to one whenever the dsp output value written to any output destination (data ram, dac, or record fifo) exceeds a sixteen bit signed range. in these cases, the dsp output saturates to $7fff or $8000 (for positive or negative values) rather than overflow- ing. it is reset to zero when the dsprun bit is zero or after a read of this register. bit 1 - dsp step mode this bit is intended as a dsp code debug aid only. when set to a one, this bit halts the dsp microcode sequencer at the end of each pass of code. this enables the host to read the data ram contents to check the results of the previous calculations. note that writes to the record fifo and dac will be captured by the data ram under them to aid with debug efforts. for normal operation, this bit must be set to a zero. bit 0 - dsp run when written to one, this bit starts the dsp engine running. a zero stops and resets the dsp engine execu- tion. this bit is reset by mcr. before running the dsp, the code and data rams must be loaded. to do this, perform the following: 1) write 95h (dspra) to the desired address 2) write 96h (code ram data) or 97h (data ram data) to the desired 16-bit value. 3) repeat 1 and 2 for all ram locations of both rams. 4) when done, write any data to dspra to reset the load logic. ics will provide algorithm and constants data supporting fil- tering functions for various sample rates. note that when the dsp is running, it is forbidden to read or write either the code or data rams (except when halted in step mode, see above). also, after writing to the code or data rams to load them, and before starting the dsp, you must reset the ram load hardware by writing to the dspra register (the value written is ignored). ir95 dsp ram address latch (dspra) (write only) bit 7 - read when one, this bit indicates that the next dsp ram operation is a read. zero indicates a write operation. bits 5:0 - dsp ram address these bits are the address for the next dsp ram data transfer. note that the code ram address can be $00 through $3f, and the data ram address can be $00 through $1f. ir96 code ram data port (8/16-bit) bits b:0 - code ram data this 8/16-bit port is data to be read from/written to the dsp code ram. the data is the low 12 bits of the word. ir97 data ram data port (8/16-bit) bits f:0 - data ram data this 8/16-bit port is the data to be read from/written to the dsp data ram. the data is a full 16-bit word. record dma control and status registers ir98 record dma control (dmactl) bits 7 - reserved bit 6 - tc reset mask when set to 1, this bit masks the dma run bit reset upon receipt of tc, terminal count, signal from the isa bus. when reset to 0, the dma run bit will be reset upon receipt of tc. bits 5:1 - reserved bit 0 - dma run this bit enables the dma hardware to begin transfer- ring data when set to one. it is cleared by either mcr or receipt of a tc when tc reset mask is a zero (see the dmamode register for details). ICS2002 16
ir99 record dma burst count (rdmabc) bits 7:6 - reserved bits 5:0 - record dma burst count this value determines the number of dma transfers that take place for each dma request issued to the host. the actual number of transfers will be rdmabc + 1. thus, for single transfer mode, program this register to zero. the burst counter is automatically preset to the burst count whenever the dackr input is high. thus, there is no need to reprogram the count value after tc, since the next transfer will use the full programmed count value. this register has no affect on i/o mode data transfers, since its only influence is over the drqr output. this register is not initialized by any means other than a direct write, and hence must be written to before dma is enabled. ir9a record dma mode (rdmamode) all bits in this register are cleared by mcr. bits 7:6 - reserved bit 5 - terminal count interrupt (rtcirq) (read only) this bit indicates that a terminal count has been re- ceived on the last dma operation. if the recie bit has been programmed to a one, an interrupt will be gener- ated at the end of the last dma operation. this bit is cleared by mcr or a write to status with bit 1 = 1. the reset state is then removed by either writing the status bit 0 to 0, or by the next dma operation. hence, there is no need to remove this reset as there is for other irq reset operations. bit 4 - record i/o mode transfer (rioxfer) when this bit is a one, the dma hardware (drqr and rtcirq) is disabled. data transfers take place via ra $8b (not $9b), and are required to be treated as 16-bit transfers. thus, data should be read from dlw (with sbhe = 0, 16-bit data) or from dlw (with sbhe = 1, 8-bit data low byte) followed by dh (8-bit data, high byte). it is also the programmers responsibility to en- sure that rdmamode bit 1 (rdma16) is set to a one for all i/o mode transfers. bit 3 - unsigned data (rusign) when set to a one, the record fifo will generate unsigned data. the native data format is signed binary twos complement. this bit will invert the most signifi- cant bit of each data byte (or word, depending on the state of rdatatype). bit 2 - 16-bit dma (rdma16) when set to a one, this bit causes the hardware to expect data to be sent in 16-bit words. when low, the hardware expects 8-bit bytes. this bit must be set to one when performing i/o mode transfers, as all i/o transfers are treated as 16-bit entities. bits 1:0 - record data type (rdatatype) these bits direct the hardware how to interpret the incoming data. note that this is independent of the dma or i/o data width. it effects how data is signed and how data is packed to/unpacked from the record fifo. value data type 00 8-bit linear 01 16-bit linear 10 reserved 11 reserved ir9b reserved record fifo control/status registers ir9c record fifo enable/status (rfes) bit 0 - record fifo enable (rfe) this bit holds the record fifo in a reset state when low, and enables the fifo to operate when high. this bit is reset by mcr. this bit, when low, also resets all fifo related conditions (see the following bits) and prevents dma start requests from being issued. it does not reset the record fifo irq mode register. bit 1 - fifo overflow (read only) this bit is set when a fifo shift in command is gener- ated (by either dma, i/o, or the dsp) with the fifo full, and indicates an error condition. this bit will cause the fouirq bit to go active, generating an irq if enabled. this bit is reset by writing to status with bit 4 = 1, and re-enabled by writing to status with bit 4 = 0. fe low also resets this bit. bit 2 - fifo underflow (read only) this bit is set when a fifo shift out command is generated (by either dma, i/o, or the dsp) with the fifo empty, and indicates an error condition. this bit will cause the fouirq bit to go active, generating an irq if enabled. this bit is reset by writing to status with bit 4 = 1, and re-enabled by writing to status with bit 4 = 0. fe low also resets this bit. ICS2002 17
bit 3 - fifo 25% full (read only) this bit goes high after 4 words (or 8 bytes) have been loaded into the fifo, and low again when 5 words (or 10 bytes) may be loaded into the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. bit 4 - fifo 50% full (read only) this bit goes high after 8 words (or 16 bytes) have been loaded into the fifo, and low again when 9 words (or 18 bytes) may be loaded into the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. bit 5 - fifo 75% full (read only) this bit goes high after 12 words (or 24 bytes) have been loaded into the fifo, and low again when 13 words (or 26 bytes) may be loaded into the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. bit 6 - fifo dir (read only) this bit goes high when a single word (or two bytes) may be written to the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. note that this bit resets to a one because when the fifo is reset it is forced to be empty, and hence is ready to accept data. bit 7 - fifo dor (read only) this bit goes high when a single word (or two bytes) may be read from the fifo. there is no interrupt associated with this bit directly. ir9d record fifo irq mode bits 7:4 - reserved bit 3 - fifo irq enable (rfie) this bit enables the various fifo capacity thresholds to generate interrupts (as recirq) when one. when zero, this bit prevents fifo capacity irq generation when operating in dma mode, which only needs rtcirq. bits 2:0 - fifo ready irq mode selection this register defines fifo utilization for both dma and i/o mode data transfers. in i/o mode, it is used to generate interrupts (recirq) when the fifo capacity reaches a predefined point. for dma transfers, it sig- nals the dma logic to request a transfer at those same predefined points. by programming the record dma burst count appropriately, the fifo may be easily kept near the desired capacity. the following table describes the selections available: bits 2:0 source notes 000 dir ready to take 1 word from dsp 001 empty 75% ready to take 13 words from dsp 010 empty 50% ready to take 9 words from dsp 011 empty 25% ready to take 5 words from dsp 100 dor ready to provide 1 word to host 101 full 25% ready to provide 4 words to host 110 full 50% ready to provide 8 words to host 111 full 75% ready to provide 12 words note that for byte transfers (rdma16=0), the numbers listed above should be doubled. this must be programmed before the fifo is enabled. it may be changed while the fifo is enabled if necessary. this register is cleared by mcr, but not by rfe low. ir9e reserved ir9f reserved miscellaneous registers ira0 digital master volume bits 7:0 - volume this value is used to scale all values that are output from the dsp to the dac. it may be written while the dsp is running. the value written is interpreted as to give a log scale output response of 0.1875db per step. the value for nominal (0db attenuation) is e0h. a value of ffh gives 5.8125db of gain. note that any value above e0h may result in digital saturation of the internal 16 bit data value. ICS2002 18
ira1 dac de-glitcher control bits 7:3 - volume bits 7:3 (read only) bit 2 - dac enable bit (read only, for test) bits 1:0 - dac de-glitch width code notes 00 de-glitcher disabled 01 minimum de-glitch width 10 nominal de-glitch width 11 maximum de-glitch width this value is determined by the clock rate at which the chip is run. ics will provide the proper value for an application. this register is also used for test purposes. this register is not initialized in any way and should be programmed before muting is removed. ira2 reserved ira3 reserved adc and analog control registers ira4 adc control bits 7:3 - reserved bit 2 - adc test mode this bit is for factory testing use only, and must always be programmed to zero by an application. it is reset to zero by a zero in adcrun, and hence takes two writes of $05 to this register to activate for safety. bit 1 - reserved bit 0 - adc run when written to a one, this bit enables the adc hard- ware to run. note that the adc timing control register should be programmed appropriately first. also note that the dsp must be running (and programmed prop- erly) for the conversion results to be retrieved. the sample rate generator determines the rate at which the conversion data is loaded into the record fifo. this bit is cleared to zero by mcr. note that this bit, when 0, shuts down the successive approximation logic, the dynamic comparators and various logic functions. when the adc is not being used, disabling it via this bit reduces background noise in the playback section and power consumption, and thus is recommended. ira5 analog volume/mute bits 7:5 - reserved bits 4:1 - analog volume these bits set the analog output level, in 1.5db steps. all bits one gives 0db attenuation of the dac output signal, and all bits zero gives full attenuation. these bits are unaffected by any reset mechanism. bit 0 - audio enable this bit disconnects the audio output of the output buffer amp and sets the bufout pin to the nominal bias voltage when cleared to zero. when set to one, it passes the output of the output buffer amp to the bufout pin. the main function of this bit is to prevent sudden dc offset changes on the bufout pin when entering and leaving power-down mode. by proper software proce- dure, noiseless transitions can be made. this bit is cleared to zero by mcr. ira6 adc timing control this register is used to control the adc internal opera- tion timing. bits 7:4 - comparator timing control these bits control the time of comparator input switch- ing. bits 7:5 are the count, and bit 4 is 0 for half cycle and 1 full cycle delays. bits 3:1 - cycle timing control these bits control the number of clocks used for each step of the successive approximation process. for the full 64 step dsp cycle, the value of these bits should be 7. for a 40 step cycle, the value should be 4. bit 0 - reserved ICS2002 19
w o w t .029 .003 w o w t .050 .002 pin 1 ident. .070 dia x .025 dp. .045 x 45 deg corner chamfer w b w b .030 .005 .035 .005 .029 .005 .035 r typ 7 2 deg .020 min .015 ref .010 min .006 min 7 2 deg w c t p t f .045 x 45 deg corner chamfer 44-pin plcc package lead count frame thickness tf +/-.003 pkg. thickness tp +/-.004 pkg. width top wt +/-.004 pkg. width bottom wb +/-.066 overall pkg. width wo +/-.005 contact width wo +.010/-.030 44l 0.010 0.152 0.650 0.623 0.690 0.620 ordering information ICS2002v example: ics xxxx m package type v=plcc device type (consists of 3 or 4 digit numbers) prefix ics, av=standard de vice; gsp=genlock device ICS2002 20
lead count 44l body thickness 1.00 footprint (body+) 2.00 dimensions tolerance a max. 1.20 a 1 0.05 min./0.10 max. a 2 0.5 1.00 d 0.25 12.00 d 1 0.10 10.00 e 0.25 12.00 e 1 0.10 10.00 l 0.15/-0.10 0.60 e basic 0.80 b +0.05 0.35 ccc max. 0.10 ddd 0.20 max. 0 0 - 7 ordering information ICS2002y example: ics xxxx m package type y=qfp device type (consists of 3 or 4 digit numbers) prefix ics, av=standard de vice; gsp=genlock device tqfp package ICS2002 21

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